western tanager การใช้

• Reproductive success of western tanagers varies widely between studies and across years.
• Most evidence suggests that western tanagers prefer areas with moderate canopy cover.
• Western tanager may associate with or avoid some plant species.
• There is no evidence for second broods in western tanagers.
• Western tanager nests are parasitized by brown-headed cowbirds ( " Molothrus aster " ).
• Hawking constituted the remainder of western tanager foraging observations.
• Immature western tanagers have been observed with the parents at least two weeks after fledging.
• Although western tanagers forage in many habitats, they are typically observed foraging in forest canopies.
• Immature western tanagers initiate migration later than adult birds.
• Birds such as grosbeaks, flycatchers, western tanagers, and lazuli buntings are common in the area.
• A wild western tanager 7 years and 11 months old has been documented from banding data.
• Western tanagers were also observed in saltcedar communities during fall migration in along the Rio Grande.
• Hymenopterans, mostly wasps and ants constituted 75 % of insects in western tanager stomachs in August.
• Western tanager may preferentially forage on certain species.
• Western tanagers have been observed foraging on Perry's agave ( " Agave parryi " ) nectar.
• Ten western tanagers were observed among three sites composed of Russian-olive in Colorado, Utah, and Idaho.
• Parasitism rates can be high and can dramatically reduce the number of western tanagers fledged per nest.
• Average clutch in the Southwest may be smaller than that of western tanagers nesting in the north.
• Numbered among the forest birds are western tanager, yellow-rumped warbler, house wren, chipping sparrow, and Cassin's vireo.
• Stands with large trees and 40 to 69 % canopy cover are an optimal western tanager habitat.